Damage to the building structure, often caused by human error (human error), it is because man / employee is primarily the quality is still well below average compared to the development of materials technology itself. Besides humans, the need for resources / money really plays an important role in meeting the quality of building quality due to lack of money, must choose the material that is the low quality / low quality. Of poor quality, then join the age of the building itself is low. To overcome problems with low quality, both in terms of human and material, there are a few tips to cover major expenses with increased structural strength.
1. Cracked Concrete Beams
Structural cracks in the beams with vertical or diagonal pattern, other than that there is the pattern of cracks. The rupture of the concrete beams can be divided into a structure consisting of cracked crack deflection, a pattern of vertical / standing is usually caused by a load capacity of the beam and shear cracks, that a pattern of diagonal / oblique fractures than usually occurs after bending has a vertical pattern to have. Shear cracks may also occur as bars earthquake forces. Apart from the cracking process of the beam may be due to a less than perfect. Small cracks or crazing, many caused by environmental influences. Generally occurs because the beam exposure to sunlight and rain.
3 Alternative solutions:
1. For concrete walls through which there can be a column / pillar of additional small cracks around. The function of this column is to support and distribute the load bar down / foundation to help.
2. For concrete beams under it is not possible, given the additional columns, a first injection of epoxy on the cracks, do dimensional beam expansion with external reinforcement.
3. For small cracks, all done with stucco patch. The purpose of the reinforcing steel is not directly related to the air that can lead to rust.
2. Column Cracks
Cracks in the columns can be divided into three types, the damage that nature does not harm, moderate harm if not immediately addressed. Everything cracks column?
Shear cracks
Cracks with a diagonal pattern / tilt the column is usually called shear cracks that disebakan with violence in the horizontal / flat. Shear crack like this is very dangerous if not treated immediately, because it can lead to column collapse and unable to keep the building.
Bending strength tears
Cracks with horizontal pattern / flat bending cracks are usually called, is caused by excessive pressure on the column. Besides the shear cracks, crack deflection must be carefully handled.
Concrete blanket peeled
Coverage on the peeling concrete column can disebakan by the low quality / quality of the concrete, so the strength of concrete and concrete cover reduced pressure to break easily. Control of the stages of development is needed to prevent loss of quality concrete.
Strengthening curved
Damage to the column the main steel reinforcement seems skewed. In the visible column looks a little crooked. This is due to the lack of number and size or lack of iron binding (brackets).
Hairline cracks in irregular pattern
When the building is still a young age, hairline cracks can be detected. Even hairline cracks are not harmful, but very disturbing scene. These small cracks are caused by environmental influences, namely hot and cold temperature changes drastically. A house built in the summer, after exposure to persistent rain.
3 Alternative solutions:
1. To crack the diagonal and horizontal cracks should be checking the power of the column if the column is still quite strong enough to deal with liquid epoxy joints in the press.
2. If, after the analysis of the column is less strong, it would be necessary to widen the column size. Dilation is done to reinforce the columns so they can withstand the load on.
3. For small cracks, but the addition of reinforcing steel with stucco that are not connected with the atmosphere that can lead to rust.
3. Walls / Floor Cracks
Many cracks in the walls due to a lack of quality concrete basement wall. The quality of concrete is expressed in units of C (example: K-125, K 175, K-250 et seq.) Houses built for this kind of mass-destruction weapons were found. Cracks in the ground as a result of force, which exceeds the capacity of the basement uplift. The movement of soil under the basement floor, causing cracks in basement walls and floors. It can also lead to a break water stopper (rubber base flood).
2 Alternative Solutions:
1. Prepare specialty chemical binding and fast drying (epoxy), then injected / bursting in the area.
2. To stop water cracked should be replaced with new ones.
4. Leaning Fence Walls
We often encounter a sloping wall or fence wall nearly collapsed. Of course evil will happen when the wall collapsed and the surrounding area and passers-by. What are the causes of the wall collapsed wall? The first lies in the lack of a foundation that can not withstand the burden of a fence wall on top, so slanted wall. Second, the wall of the wall exposed to wind loads / encouragement are great. The changing characteristics of the soil around the foundation of the fence, which resulted in the capacity of the soil is reduced, the foundation.
3 Alternative Solution:
1. Digging the soil around the foundation, align the fence with the addition of a lift by strengthening, supporting a wooden / iron fence on the wall.
2. Create a foundation and Sloof behind the fence as a place holder column / pillar.
3. Make a column / pillar to resist slope triangular fence. Size adjustable pole with solid wall load.
5. The first stone down time
Cause:
1. Layer of the soil under the foundation is less dense / less hard and unable to handle the weight.
2. Foundation size is not big enough, not consistent with the burden of building up.
3. Position / location of the foundation is in the corner of soil erosion.
4. Soil properties change due to natural events such as floods, earthquakes.
4 Alternative Solution:
1. Create a new foundation that is close to the foundation down. The goal is to share the burden of excess.
2. Padatkan ground area beneath the new foundation by hand or using a mortar machine, so the capacity of the soil increases.
3. Attach the height of the beams and walls damaged by the fall of the foundation.
4. Create a new pole on the foundation to stop the decline.
6. Ceramic glass, concrete cracks by Floor
Cause:
1. Breakage of the tiles can be caused by the concrete underneath. Concrete floors subjected to loads that exceed the capacity will be cracked / broken. As a result tile that sticks on it cracked / broken.
2. The existence of an earthquake which the concrete floors subjected to shear forces that it experiences the movement. This movement may also cause the tiles on cracks / breaks.
3. The use of quality concrete that is not eligible. For example the composition of a mixture of cement, sand and water that do not fit or use the dirty water can cause cracking of concrete floors.
4. Technical errors in the execution of a concrete floor, errors on susunan.anyaman iron concrete, concrete poured connected, is scaffolding / formwork removed before the concrete is hard enough.
3 Alternative Solution:
1. Remove the floor tiles are broken and swept away cracks in the concrete floor.
2. Give special chemicals to seal cracks.
3. Close the back of the concrete base was repaired with ceramics.
